Microbiology bacteria shapes12/27/2023 ![]() ![]() Therefore, we speculate that Stella bacteria additionally have different machinery for determining its cell shape. However, the star-shape seems to be formed by polar elongation, while MreB and RodA are responsible for lateral elongation of the peptidoglycan layer in E. Closely related bacteria to Stella, such as Skermanella, have a straight-rod shape, which suggests Stella bacteria evolved from a conventional rod-shaped bacterium. This finding suggests that Stella bacteria share basic machinery for cell shape determination with E. coli genes encoding rod-shape determining proteins, such as MreB and RodA. What can the genome sequences tell you about the unusual morphology of Stella cells? Maeda: Our genome analysis revealed that Stella bacteria have many orthologs of E. How can these genomes help scientists to understand the evolutionary relationships of Stella? Maeda: Since alphaproteobacteria including Stella exhibit a diverse morphology, comparative genome analysis together with mapping of morphological phenotypes allows us to understand how the star shape of these bacteria evolved. ![]() The star-shape bacteria can be seen with brightfield microscopy (top) but the shape becomes more clear when the bacteria are stained with FM4-64 and imaged with fluorescence microscopy (bottom). Stella vacuolata is one of the 3 species sequenced in this study. Although star-shaped bacteria are very unique, these bacteria seem to be widely distributed in different environments including soil and water. Stella bacteria have been found in soil, horse manure, and aquatic habitats showing various degrees of salinity and pollution. first isolated Stella bacteria from the nutrient-rich chernozem soil of the Krasnodar region of southern Russia. Where are Stella bacteria found naturally? Maeda: Vasilyeva et al. Tomoya Maeda to discuss how he and others may use these genomes in their research. Though they are found in many different environments, the genetics behind the unusual cell shape is not fully understood, and is one of the reasons why a scientific team recently sequenced the genomes of 3 Stella species, which are published in ASM's Microbiology Resource Announcements journal. This ubiquitous bacterial genus has cells whose cross sections look like stars (see the images below). Fewer, however have heard of the star-shaped cells associated with the genus Stella. Most microbiologists have heard of the spherically-shaped cocci and the rod-shaped bacilli cell shapes. Announcement: Complete Genome Sequences of Three Star-Shaped Bacteria, Stella humosa, Stella vacuolata, and Stella Species ATCC 35155 ![]()
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